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RS-232 is a standard for serial data interconnection between a data terminal and a piece of communication equipment. It is commonly used in the serial ports of computers.
RS is an abbreviation for "Recommended Standard" as defined by the Electronics Industries Association (EIA) of the USA.
RS-232 is very similar to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU - formerly known as the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Commitee or CCITT) standard known as V.24
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The RS-232 communications standard was originally specified for use between teletypewriters and modems, but it was developed for use with early personal computers until being supplanted by the Ethernet and USB ports in the late 1990's.
The many thousands of electronic devices that have been produced with the RS-232 port will ensure that it continues to be commonplace for many more years, but its use in new designs is fading rapidly.
The main reasons for this are the high power consumption and intricate power supply requirements of the interface, being directly at odds with today's trend towards miniature and portable electronics. A further shortcoming is the fact that the signal transmission over RS-232 is referenced to the common signal ground, and is therefore highly susceptible to disturbance from noise. This limits the practical cable length between devices.
The shortcomings of RS-232 have been overcome in the newer generation of communications standards, such as RS-485 and Ethernet.
